About Calcium
Essential for bone structure, muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and blood clotting. Calcium citrate is better absorbed than calcium carbonate and can be taken without food, while carbonate requires stomach acid and should be taken with meals. Absorption efficiency drops significantly above 500 mg per dose—split doses are recommended. Excessive supplementation without adequate vitamin D and K2 may contribute to arterial calcification.
What Calcium supports
- Builds strong bones and teeth
- Enables muscle contraction
- Regulates heart rhythm
How much Calcium to take
Clinical studies typically use 200–600 mg of Calcium. Supplemental range; absorption drops sharply above 500mg/dose. Most adults get 700-900mg from food.
- RDA
- 1000 mg
- Upper limit (UL)
- 2500 mg
- Effective range
- 200–600 mg
Forms of Calcium compared
- Calcium bisglycinatePremiumChelated calcium; best-tolerated and well-absorbed.
- Calcium citratePremiumAbsorbed without stomach acid — works on an empty stomach.
- Calcium malatePremiumCombined with malic acid for improved bioavailability.
- Calcium hydroxyapatiteStandardBone-derived; mineral matrix retained.
- AquaMin (algae-derived)BudgetMulti-mineral algae source; absorption similar to citrate.
- Calcium lactateBudgetBalanced absorption, fewer GI effects than carbonate.
- Calcium phosphateBudgetNaturally found in dairy; moderate absorption.
- Calcium carbonateBudgetRequires stomach acid to absorb
- Calcium gluconateBudgetLow elemental calcium (~9%) — needs many capsules to hit a therapeutic dose.
- Coral calciumBudgetCalcium carbonate from coral with trace minerals — bioavailability similar to standard carbonate; requires stomach acid. Superior-absorption claims are not well supported.
Clinical evidence
Strong clinical evidence. Large trials confirm bone density benefits; absorption drops above 500mg/dose, best paired with vitamin D and K2
NIH Fact Sheet