Omega-3 Vegetarian DHA 200 mg Vegetarian Softgels

Class III and IV caramel colors contain 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI), classified by IARC as Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans) in 2011 (Monograph Vol. 101). California Prop 65 lists 4-MEI as a known carcinogen; products delivering >29 mcg/day require a cancer warning label. NTP TR-535 (2007) found 4-MEI caused lung tumors in mice. Major cola brands (Coca-Cola, Pepsi) voluntarily reformulated 2012-2014 to reduce 4-MEI below California thresholds. Because labels never specify Class I (sugar + heat only, safer) vs Class III/IV (ammonia-process, contains 4-MEI), consumers cannot verify which they're consuming. Combined with the additive's purely cosmetic purpose, the risk:benefit ratio is unfavorable for any supplement.

Can break down into poligeenan (a known inflammatory) under stomach acid conditions. Tobacman (2001, Environmental Health Perspectives) reviewed evidence linking carrageenan to intestinal inflammation and ulceration. Major food brands (Silk, Stonyfield) have voluntarily removed it. Used only as a thickener — provides no health benefit.

A FODMAP sugar alcohol that may trigger GI discomfort (bloating, gas) in individuals with IBS or sorbitol malabsorption, even at small amounts found in supplements. Avoided in low-FODMAP diets.

Beta-carotene used in small amounts as a colorant/antioxidant.

Fat-soluble form of vitamin C used as preservative

Carbohydrate polymer used as a binder, filler, and disintegrant in tablets and capsules

Natural vitamin E used as preservative

Natural plant-derived antioxidant used to preserve freshness and prevent oxidation of oils and fats in supplements